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Fatty alcohols (or long-chain alcohols) are usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols, but can also range from as few as 4–6 carbons to as many as 22–26, derived from natural fats and oils. The precise chain length varies with the source.
This page defines an alcohol, and explains the differences between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols. It examines in some detail their simple physical properties such as solubility and boiling points.
13 juin 2024 · Alcohol - Boiling Point, Solubility, Flammability: Most of the common alcohols are colourless liquids at room temperature. Methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol are free-flowing liquids with fruity odours.
Consider a hypothetical situation involving 5-carbon alcohol molecules. The hydrocarbon chains are forced between water molecules, breaking hydrogen bonds between those water molecules. The -OH ends of the alcohol molecules can form new hydrogen bonds with water molecules, but the hydrocarbon "tail" does not form hydrogen bonds.
Alcohols fall into different classes depending on how the -OH group is positioned on the chain of carbon atoms. There are some chemical differences between the various types. Primary alcohols. In a primary (1°) alcohol, the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group.
Alcohols are classified as organic molecules which contains a –OH group attached to a sp3 hybridised carbon atom (carbon with only C–C and C–H bonds). There are three types of alcohols (see below). ‘R’ is a generic representation of an alkyl (carbon) group.
In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl ( −OH) functional group bound to carbon. [2] [3] Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugars and cholesterol.
